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Have Psn Servers Been Hacked Again

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Cyberattack

2011 PlayStation Network outage
PlayStation Network logo (2015).png

PlayStation Network logo
Appointment April 20 – May 14, 2011 (2011-04-xx – 2011-05-xiv)
Duration 23 days (iii weeks and two days)
Type "External intrusion", data breach
Target PlayStation Network and Qriocity services
Consequence
  • Services restored afterwards 23 days of downtime, with compensation offered to PSN users
  • Personal data exposed for 77 one thousand thousand PlayStation Network accounts
  • $171 million in costs for Sony
  • Multiple lawsuits, leading to PSN terms and conditions being amended

The 2011 PlayStation Network outage (sometimes referred to as the PSN Hack) was the event of an "external intrusion" on Sony's PlayStation Network and Qriocity services, in which personal details from approximately 77 million accounts were compromised and prevented users of PlayStation iii and PlayStation Portable consoles from accessing the service.[1] [ii] [iii] [4] The attack occurred between April 17 and April nineteen, 2011,[i] forcing Sony to turn off the PlayStation Network on April 20. On May four, Sony confirmed that personally identifiable information from each of the 77 one thousand thousand accounts had been exposed.[5] The outage lasted 23 days.[6]

At the time of the outage, with a count of 77 one thousand thousand registered PlayStation Network accounts,[7] it was one of the largest data security breaches in history.[8] [9] Information technology surpassed the 2007 TJX hack which afflicted 45 1000000 customers.[10] Government officials in various countries voiced business over the theft and Sony's i-week delay before alert its users.

Sony stated on April 26 that it was attempting to become online services running "within a calendar week."[11] On May fourteen, Sony released PlayStation 3 firmware version 3.61 as a security patch. The firmware required users to change their business relationship's password upon signing in. At the fourth dimension the firmware was released, the network was still offline.[12] Regional restoration was appear by Kazuo Hirai in a video from Sony.[thirteen] A map of regional restoration and the network within the United states was shared equally the service was coming back online.[xiv]

Timeline of the outage [edit]

On April 20, 2011, Sony acknowledged on the official PlayStation Weblog that information technology was "aware certain functions of the PlayStation Network" were down. Upon attempting to sign in via the PlayStation three, users received a message indicating that the network was "undergoing maintenance".[15] [sixteen] The post-obit day, Sony asked its customers for patience while the cause of outage was investigated and stated that it may take "a full twenty-four hours or ii" to become the service fully functional again.[17]

The company afterward appear an "external intrusion" had afflicted the PlayStation Network and Qriocity services.[eighteen] This intrusion occurred betwixt Apr 17 and Apr 19. On Apr xx, Sony suspended all PlayStation Network and Qriocity services worldwide.[19] Sony expressed their regrets for the downtime and chosen the job of repairing the organization "fourth dimension-consuming" but would lead to a stronger network infrastructure and additional security.[20] On April 25, Sony spokesman Patrick Seybold reiterated on the PlayStation Blog that fixing and enhancing the network was a "time intensive" procedure with no estimated time of completion.[21] However, the next 24-hour interval Sony stated that there was a "articulate path to accept PlayStation Network and Qriocity systems back online", with some services expected to exist restored within a week. Furthermore, Sony best-selling the "compromise of personal data as a result of an illegal intrusion on our systems."[22]

On May 1 Sony announced a "Welcome Back" program for customers affected by the outage. The company likewise confirmed that some PSN and Qriocity services would be bachelor during the get-go week of May.[23] [24] The list of services expected to become available included:[25]

  • Restoration of Online game-play across the PlayStation 3 (PS3) and PSP (PlayStation Portable) systems
  • This includes titles requiring online verification and downloaded games
  • Admission to Music Unlimited powered by Qriocity for PS3/PSP for existing subscribers
  • Access to business relationship direction and password reset
  • Admission to download un-expired Motion-picture show Rentals on PS3, PSP and MediaGo
  • PlayStation Home
  • Friends List
  • Chat Functionality

On May two Sony issued a press release, according to which the Sony Online Amusement (SOE) services had been taken offline for maintenance due to potentially related activities during the initial criminal hack. Over 12,000 credit carte numbers, albeit in encrypted form, from non-U.S. cardholders and additional information from 24.7 million SOE accounts may have been accessed.[26] [27]

During the week, Sony sent a letter to the US Firm of Representatives, answering questions and concerns almost the upshot.[28] In the letter Sony announced that they would be providing Identity Theft insurance policies in the amount of United states of america$1 million per user of the PlayStation Network and Qriocity services, despite no reports of credit card fraud being indicated. This was later confirmed on the PlayStation Web log, where it was announced that the service, AllClear ID Plus powered by Debix, would be available to users in the United States free for 12 months, and would include Cyberspace surveillance, complete identity repair in the event of theft and a $1 million identity theft insurance policy for each user.[29] [xxx]

On May half dozen Sony stated they had begun "final stages of internal testing" for the PlayStation Network, which had been rebuilt.[31] Notwithstanding, the following day Sony reported that they would not be able to bring services back online within the one-calendar week timeframe given on May 1, because "the extent of the assault on Sony Online Entertainment servers" had not been known at the time.[32] SOE confirmed on their Twitter business relationship that their games would not exist bachelor until some fourth dimension after the weekend.[33]

Reuters began reporting the event as "the biggest Internet security break-in ever".[34] A Sony spokesperson said:[35]

  • Sony had removed the personal details of ii,500 people stolen past hackers and posted on a website
  • The information included names and some addresses, which were in a database created in 2001
  • No date had been fixed for the restart

On May xiv various services began coming back online on a country-past-country basis, starting with North America.[36] These services included: sign-in for PSN and Qriocity services (including password resetting), online game-play on PS3 and PSP, playback of rental video content, Music Unlimited service (PS3 and PC), admission to third party services (such as Netflix, Hulu, Vudu and MLB.tv), friends list, chat functionality and PlayStation Home.[36] The actions came with a firmware update for the PS3, version 3.61.[37] As of May 15 service in Japan and East asia had not yet been approved.[38]

On May 18 SOE close down the password reset folio on their site following the discovery of another exploit[39] that allowed users to reset other users' passwords, using the other user's email address and date of nascence.[twoscore] Sign-in using PSN details to diverse other Sony websites was too disabled, but console sign-ins were not afflicted.[39]

On May 23 Sony stated that the outage costs were $171 million.[41]

Sony response [edit]

Usa Firm of Representatives [edit]

Sony reported on May four to the PlayStation Blog[42] that:

Kazuo Hirai, Chairman of the Board of Directors of Sony Computer Amusement America, submitted written answers to questions posed by the United states Firm subcommittee almost the big-calibration, criminal cyber-attack we have experienced.

Sony relayed via the alphabetic character that:

In summary, we told the subcommittee that in dealing with this cyber attack nosotros followed iv primal principles:

  1. Human activity with care and caution.
  2. Provide relevant information to the public when it has been verified.
  3. Take responsibility for our obligations to our customers.
  4. Work with constabulary enforcement authorities.


We also informed the subcommittee of the following:

  • Sony has been the victim of a very carefully planned, very professional person, highly sophisticated criminal cyber set on.
  • We discovered that the intruders had planted a file on one of our Sony Online Entertainment servers named "Anonymous" with the words "We are Legion."
  • By April 25, forensic teams were able to confirm the scope of the personal information they believed had been taken, and could not rule out whether credit card information had been accessed. On April 26, nosotros notified customers of those facts.
  • As of today, the major credit bill of fare companies have not reported any fraudulent transactions that they believe are the direct effect of this cyber assault.
  • Protecting individuals' personal data is the highest priority and ensuring that the Internet tin be made secure for commerce is as well essential. Worldwide, countries and businesses volition have to come together to ensure the prophylactic of commerce over the Internet and notice ways to combat cybercrime and cyber terrorism.
  • Nosotros are taking a number of steps to prevent futurity breaches, including enhanced levels of information protection and encryption; enhanced power to detect software intrusions, unauthorized access and unusual activity patterns; boosted firewalls; establishment of a new data center in an undisclosed location with increased security; and the naming of a new Chief Data Security Officer.

Explanation of delays [edit]

On April 26, 2011 Sony explained on the PlayStation Blog why it took and then long to inform PSN users of the data theft:[43]

There's a difference in timing between when we identified there was an intrusion and when nosotros learned of consumers' data beingness compromised. Nosotros learned there was an intrusion April 19th and subsequently shut the services downwardly. We and then brought in outside experts to help us larn how the intrusion occurred and to conduct an investigation to decide the nature and scope of the incident. Information technology was necessary to conduct several days of forensic analysis, and it took our experts until yesterday to empathize the scope of the breach. We then shared that information with our consumers and announced it publicly this afternoon.

Sony investigation [edit]

Possible information theft led Sony to provide an update in regards to a criminal investigation in a blog posted on April 27: "We are currently working with law enforcement on this matter likewise every bit a recognized applied science security firm to carry a complete investigation. This malicious assail against our system and against our customers is a criminal act and we are proceeding aggressively to find those responsible."[44]

On May iii Sony Computer Entertainment CEO Kazuo Hirai reiterated this and said the "external intrusion" which had caused them to close downwardly the PlayStation Network constituted a "criminal cyber set on".[45] Hirai expanded further, claiming that Sony systems had been nether attack prior to the outage "for the past calendar month and half", suggesting a concerted attempt to target Sony.[46]

On May 4 Sony appear that information technology was adding Data Forte to the investigation team of Guidance Software and Protiviti in analysing the attacks. Legal aspects of the case were handled by Baker & McKenzie.[47] Sony stated their conventionalities that Bearding, a decentralized unorganized loosely affiliated group of hackers and activists may accept performed the attack.[48] No Anons claimed any involvement.[49]

Upon learning that a alienation had occurred, Sony launched an internal investigation. Sony reported, in its letter to the United states Congress:

I of our get-go calls was to the FBI, and this is an active, on-going investigation.

Take y'all identified how the breach occurred?

Yes, we believe and so. Sony Network Entertainment America is standing its investigation into this criminal intrusion, and more than detailed data could exist discovered during this process. We are reluctant to make full details publicly available because the data is the discipline of an on-going criminal investigation and likewise the information could be used to exploit vulnerabilities in systems other than Sony's that have like architecture to the PlayStation Network.[l]

Inability to use PlayStation iii content [edit]

While most games remained playable in their offline modes, the PlayStation 3 was unable to play sure Capcom titles in any grade.[51] Streaming video providers throughout dissimilar regions such as Hulu, Vudu, Netflix and LoveFilm displayed the same maintenance message. Some users claimed to be able to use Netflix'southward streaming service[52] simply others were unable.[53]

Criticism of Sony [edit]

Delayed warning of possible information theft [edit]

Original PlayStation iii model

On April 26 nearly a week after the outage, Sony confirmed that information technology "cannot rule out the possibility"[54] that personally identifiable information such as PlayStation Network account username, countersign, home address, and email accost had been compromised. Sony too mentioned the possibility that credit card information was taken—after claiming that encryption had been placed on the databases, which would partially satisfy PCI Compliance for storing credit bill of fare information on a server. Subsequent to the announcement on both the official web log and by e-mail, users were asked to safeguard credit bill of fare transactions by checking bank statements. This alarm came nearly a calendar week afterward the initial "external intrusion" and while the Network was turned off.[55]

Some disputed this explanation and queried that if Sony deemed the state of affairs so severe that they had to turn off the network, Sony should have warned users of possible data theft sooner than on April 26.[56] Concerns take been raised over violations of PCI Compliance and the failure to immediately notify users. Us Senator Richard Blumenthal wrote to Sony Computer Entertainment America CEO Jack Tretton questioning the delay.[57]

Sony replied in a letter to the subcommittee:

Your statement indicated you have no evidence at this time that credit card information was obtained, yet you cannot dominion out this possibility. Please explain why you do not believe credit card data was obtained and why you cannot decide if the data was in fact taken. As stated higher up, Sony Network Entertainment America has not been able to conclude with certainty through the forensic analysis done to engagement that credit bill of fare data was non transferred from the PlayStation Network organisation. Nosotros know that for other personal information contained in the account database, the hacker made queries to the database, and the external forensics teams have seen large amounts of data transferred in response to those queries. Our forensics teams accept not seen the queries and corresponding data transfers of the credit bill of fare information.

Unencrypted personal details [edit]

Credit card information was encrypted, but Sony admitted that other user information was not encrypted at the time of the intrusion.[44] [58] The Daily Telegraph reported that "If the provider stores passwords unencrypted, then it's very easy for somebody else – not simply an external attacker, but members of staff or contractors working on Sony's site – to get access and notice those passwords, potentially using them for nefarious means."[59] On May two, Sony clarified the "unencrypted" status of users' passwords, stating that:[lx]

While the passwords that were stored were not "encrypted," they were transformed using a cryptographic hash office. There is a difference between these ii types of security measures which is why we said the passwords had not been encrypted. Just I want to be very clear that the passwords were not stored in our database in cleartext form.

British Information Commissioners Office [edit]

Post-obit a formal investigation of Sony for breaches of the United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland's Information Protection Act 1998, the Information Commissioners' Office issued a statement highly critical of the security Sony had in place:

If y'all are responsible for and then many payment card details and log-in details then keeping that personal data secure has to be your priority. In this instance that but didn't happen, and when the database was targeted – albeit in a adamant criminal attack – the security measures in place were only non adept plenty. There's no disguising that this is a business that should have known improve. It is a company that trades on its technical expertise, and in that location's no dubiousness in my mind that they had access to both the technical noesis and the resource to proceed this information safe.[61]

Sony was fined £250,000 ($395k) for security measures then poor they did non comply with the British law.

Sony Online Entertainment outage [edit]

On May three Sony stated in a printing release that there may be a correlation between the attack that had occurred on April 16 towards the PlayStation Network and one that compromised Sony Online Entertainment on May ii.[26] This portion of the attack resulted in the theft of information on 24.vi million Sony Online Entertainment account holders. The database contained 12,700 credit card numbers, particularly those of non-U.South. residents, and had not been in use since 2007 as much of the data applied to expired cards and deleted accounts. Sony updated this information the following day past stating that merely 900 cards on the database were still valid.[62] The attack resulted in the interruption of SOE servers and Facebook games. SOE granted xxx days of free time, plus one day for each mean solar day the server was down, to users of Clone Wars Adventures, DC Universe Online, EverQuest, EverQuest II, EverQuest Online Adventures, Costless Realms, Pirates of the Burning Sea, PlanetSide, Poxnora, Star Wars Galaxies and Vanguard: Saga of Heroes, every bit well as other forms of compensation for all other Sony Online games.

Security experts Eugene Lapidous of AnchorFree, Chester Wisniewski of Sophos Canada and Avner Levin of Ryerson University criticized Sony, questioning its methods of securing user data. Lapidous chosen the breach "difficult to excuse" and Wisniewski called it "an deed of hubris or simply gross incompetence".[63] [64] [65] [66]

Reaction [edit]

Bounty to users [edit]

Sony hosted special events after the PlayStation Network returned to service. Sony stated that they had plans for PS3 versions of DC Universe Online and Gratuitous Realms to assistance convalesce some of their losses.[67] In a press briefing in Tokyo on May i, Sony announced a "Welcome Dorsum" plan. As well every bit "selected PlayStation entertainment content" the programme promised to include 30 days costless membership of PlayStation Plus for all PSN members, while existing PlayStation Plus members received an additional thirty days on their subscription. Qriocity subscribers received thirty days. Sony promised other content and services over the coming weeks.[24] Sony offered one year free identity theft protection to all users with details forthcoming.

Hulu compensated PlayStation iii users for the inability to use their service during the outage by offering one week of free service to Hulu Plus members.[68]

On May 16, 2011, Sony announced that two PlayStation three games and ii PSP games would be offered for costless from lists of five and four,† respectively.[69] [70] The games available varied past region[69] [70] and were only bachelor in countries which had admission to the PlayStation Store prior to the outage.[seventy] On May 27, 2011, Sony announced the "welcome back" bundle for Japan[71] and the Asia region (Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia).[72] In the Asia region, a theme - Dokodemo Issyo Spring Theme - was offered for free in addition to the games available in the "welcome back" package.[72]

^† 5 PSP games are offered in the Japanese market.[71]

PS3 games available by region
Game Northward America[69] Europe (not-Germany)[lxx] Germany[70] Asia[72] Nihon[71]
Wipeout HD/Fury Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
LittleBigPlanet Aye Yes Yep No No
InFamous Yes Yeah No No No
Expressionless Nation Yeah Yeah No No No
Super Stardust HD Yes No Yes No No
Ratchet & Clank: Quest for Booty No Yes Yes No No
Hustle Kings No No Aye Yes Aye
The Last Guy No No No Aye Aye
Trashbox No No No Yes No
Come on, LocoRoco!! BuuBuu Cocoreccho No No No Yes Yeah
Echochrome: Overture No No No No Yes
PSP games bachelor past region
Game North America[69] Europe (non-Germany)[lxx] Germany[70] Asia[72] Japan[71]
LittleBigPlanet Yep Yes Yep Yes Yes
ModNation Racers Yes Yeah Yes Yes No
Pursuit Force Yes Yeah No No No
Killzone Liberation ‡ Yes Yes No No No
Everybody's Golf game 2 No No Yes No No
Fizz Junior Jungle Party No No Yes No No
Everybody's Stress Buster No No No Yes Yes
Locoroco Midnight Carnival No No No Yes Yes
Patapon 2 No No No No Yep
What Did I Exercise to Deserve This, My Lord? No No No No Yes

^‡ Version of Killzone Liberation offered does non offer online gameplay functionality.[seventy]

Regime reaction [edit]

The data theft concerned regime effectually the world. Graham Cluley, senior applied science consultant at Sophos, said the breach "certainly ranks as one of the biggest data losses ever to impact individuals".[73]

The British Information Commissioner's Office stated that Sony would be questioned,[74] and that an investigation would have place to notice whether Sony had taken adequate precautions to protect customer details.[75] Under the UK'due south Data Protection Act, Sony was fined £250,000 for the breach.[76]

Privacy Commissioner of Canada Jennifer Stoddart confirmed that the Canadian government would investigate. The Commissioner's function conveyed their business every bit to why the authorities in Canada weren't informed of a security breach earlier.[77]

US Senator Richard Blumenthal of Connecticut demanded answers from Sony about the data breach[78] by emailing SCEA CEO Jack Tretton arguing about the delay in informing its customers and insisting that Sony do more than for its customers than just offer free credit reporting services. Blumenthal later chosen for an investigation past the US Department of Justice to discover the person or persons responsible and to determine if Sony was liable for the way that it handled the situation.[79]

Congresswoman Mary Bono Mack and Congressman Yard. K. Butterfield sent a letter to Sony, demanding information on when the breach was discovered and how the crisis would exist handled.[80]

Sony had been asked to testify before a congressional hearing on security and to reply questions almost the alienation of security on May 2, but sent a written response instead.

Legal activeness against Sony [edit]

A lawsuit was posted on April 27 by Kristopher Johns from Birmingham, Alabama on behalf of all PlayStation users alleging Sony "failed to encrypt data and establish acceptable firewalls to handle a server intrusion contingency, failed to provide prompt and adequate warnings of security breaches, and unreasonably delayed in bringing the PSN service back online."[81] [82] According to the complaint filed in the lawsuit, Sony failed to notify members of a possible security breach and storing members' credit card information,[83] a violation of PCI Compliance—the digital security standard for the Payment Card Industry.

A Canadian lawsuit against Sony USA, Sony Canada and Sony Japan claimed damages up to C$ane billion including gratuitous credit monitoring and identity theft insurance.[84] The plaintiff was quoted as maxim, "If you can't trust a huge multi-national corporation similar Sony to protect your private information, who tin can you trust? It appears to me that Sony focuses more on protecting its games than its PlayStation users".[85]

In October 2012 a California judge dismissed a lawsuit against Sony over the PSN security breach, ruling that Sony had not violated California's consumer-protection laws, citing "there is no such matter as perfect security".[86]

In 2013 United Kingdom Information Commissioner'southward Office charged Sony with a £250,000 penalty for putting a big amount of personal and financial data of PSN clients at chance.[87]

Credit card fraud [edit]

As of May 2011[update], there were no verifiable reports of credit card fraud related to the outage. At that place were reports on the Internet that some PlayStation users experienced credit card fraud;[88] [89] [90] however, they were however to exist linked to the incident. Users who registered a credit card for use just with Sony besides reported credit carte fraud.[91] Sony said that the CSC codes requested past their services were non stored,[92] but hackers may have been able to decrypt or record credit card details while inside Sony'south network.[88]

Sony stated in their letter to the subcommittee:

How many PlayStation Network account holders provided credit carte du jour information to Sony Estimator Entertainment?

Globally, approximately 12.3 million account holders had credit carte du jour information on file on the PlayStation Network system. In the Usa, approximately five.6 million account holders had credit carte du jour data on file on the system. These numbers include agile and expired credit cards.

As of today, the major credit card companies have non reported that they take seen any increase in the number of fraudulent credit card transactions as a result of the assail, and they have not reported to u.s.a. any fraudulent transactions that they believe are a direct result of the intrusions described above.

On May 5, a letter from Sony Corporation of America CEO and President Sir Howard Stringer emphasized that there had been no evidence of credit card fraud and that a $1 million identity theft insurance policy would be available to PSN and Qriocity users:[30]

To date, at that place is no confirmed show any credit card or personal data has been misused, and we keep to monitor the situation closely. Nosotros are also moving alee with plans to help protect our customers from identity theft around the world. A programme for U.Southward. PlayStation Network and Qriocity customers that includes a $1 million identity theft insurance policy per user was launched before today and announcements for other regions will be coming shortly.

Change to terms and conditions [edit]

It has been suggested that a modify to the PSN terms and conditions appear on September 15, 2011, was motivated past the large damages being claimed past course activeness suits confronting Sony, in an effort to minimise the company'southward losses. The new understanding required users to agree to give upward their right (to join together equally a group in a class action) to sue Sony over any future security breach, without first trying to resolve legal problems with an arbitrator.[93] [94] This included any ongoing class action suits initiated prior to August 20, 2011.

Some other clause, which removed a user'south right to trial by jury should the user opt out of the clause (by sending a letter of the alphabet to Sony), says:

If the Class Action Waiver clause is found to be illegal or unenforceable, this entire Section 15 volition be unenforceable, and the dispute will exist decided past a courtroom and you and the Sony Entity you have a dispute with each concur to waive in that instance, to the fullest extent allowed by law, any trial by jury.

Sony guaranteed that a courtroom of law in the respective country, in this case the US, would hold jurisdiction in regards to any rules or changes in the Sony PSN ToS:[95]

These Terms of Service and all questions relating to the performance, interpretation, breach or enforcement of these Terms of Service, or the rights, obligations and liabilities of y'all and us under them are governed by the laws of the State of California. You agree that all disputes, claims or litigation arising from or related in any way to these Terms of Service and our relationship with yous will be litigated simply in a court of competent jurisdiction located in San Mateo County, State of California. You agree to be subject field to personal jurisdiction and venue at that place.

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_PlayStation_Network_outage

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